Alberto Tenenti, La Vie et la mort à travers l'art du XVe siècle, Cahiers des Annales, n. 8 (Paris: Armand Collin, 1952), p. 99, cited by Philippe Ariès, The Hour of Our Death, trans. Helen Weaver (New York, 1982), p. 123. (N. from the A.)

Annemarie Rahn-Gassert, Ei in Arcadia Ego: Studien zum spanischen Schäferroman (Heidelberg, 1966), p. 222. (N. from the A.)

José Siles Artés, El arte de la novela pastoril (Valencia, 1969), p. 130. (N. from the A.)

Ibid. (N. from the A.)

Ibid., p. 131. (N. from the A.)

See La Galatea, ed. Avalle-Arce, II, 252, n. (N. from the A.)

Cesáreo Bandera, op. cit., p. 96. (N. from the A.)

The cause of Grisóstomo's death has been the object of intense controversy for some time: suicide by hanging, concludes Américo Castro, «Los prólogos al Quijote», Revista de Filología Hispánica, 3 (1941), 337; the shepherd simply pined away on realizing that Marcela would not respond to his love, a traditional view eloquently defended by Luis Rosales, Cervantes y la libertad, II (Madrid, 1960), pp. 486-510, 537. Juan Bautista Avalle-Arce agrees with Castro that an argument can be made for suicide, but he stresses that a close reading of the text supports the view of natural death, an intentionally problematic question posed by Cervantes («Grisóstomo y Marcela: La verdad problemática», Nuevos deslindes cervantinos [Barcelona, 1975], pp. 89-116). Herman Iventosch rejects Avalle-Arce's contention and reaffirms Castro's opinion, without referring to Rosales («Cervantes and Courtly Love: The Grisóstomo-Marcela Episode of Don Quixote», PMLA, 89 [1974], 64-76). Grisóstomo killed himself not by hanging, as Castro suggested, but by stabbing, according to Javier Herrero («Arcadia's Inferno: Cervantes' Attack on Pastoral», Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, 55 [1978], 289-99). (N. from the A.)

Javier Herrero, op. cit., pp. 289-90, 298. (N. from the A.)

Harold G. Jones, «Grisóstomo and Don Quixote: Death and Imitation», Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos, 4 (1979), 89. (N. from the A.)